Satellite power system: Concept development and evaluation program. Volume 3: Power transmission and reception. Technical summary and assessment

Efforts in the DOE/NASA concept development and evaluation program are discussed for the solar power satellite power transmission and reception system. A technical summary is provided together with a summary of system assessment activities. System options and system definition drivers are described. Major system assessment activities were in support of the reference system definition, solid state system studies, critical technology supporting investigations, and various system and subsystem tradeoffs. These activities are described together with reference system updates and alternative concepts for each of the subsystem areas. Conclusions reached as a result of the numerous analytical and experimental evaluations are presented. Remaining issues for a possible follow-on program are identified

Coherent states for the hydrogen atom

We construct wave packets for the hydrogen atom labelled by the classical action-angle variables with the following properties. i) The time evolution is exactly given by classical evolution of the angle variables. (The angle variable corresponding to the position on the orbit is now non-compact and we do not get exactly the same state after one period. However the gross features do not change. In particular the wave packet remains peaked around the labels.) ii) Resolution of identity using this overcomplete set involves exactly the classical phase space measure. iii) Semi-classical limit is related to Bohr-Sommerfield quantization. iv) They are almost minimum uncertainty wave packets in position and momentum.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, minor change in language and journal reference adde

Closed-cycle, low-vibration 4 K cryostat for ion traps and other applications

In-vacuo cryogenic environments are ideal for applications requiring both low temperatures and extremely low particle densities. This enables reaching long storage and coherence times for example in ion traps, essential requirements for experiments with highly charged ions, quantum computation, and optical clocks. We have developed a novel cryostat continuously refrigerated with a pulse-tube cryocooler and providing the lowest vibration level reported for such a closed-cycle system with 1 W cooling power for a <5 K experiment. A decoupling system suppresses vibrations from the cryocooler by three orders of magnitude down to a level of 10 nm peak amplitudes in the horizontal plane. Heat loads of about 40 W (at 45 K) and 1 W (at 4 K) are transferred from an experimental chamber, mounted on an optical table, to the cryocooler through a vacuum-insulated massive 120 kg inertial copper pendulum. The 1.4 m long pendulum allows installation of the cryocooler in a separate, acoustically isolated machine room. In the laser laboratory, we measured the residual vibrations using an interferometric setup. The positioning of the 4 K elements is reproduced to better than a few micrometer after a full thermal cycle to room temperature. Extreme high vacuum on the $10^{-15}$ mbar level is achieved. In collaboration with the Max-Planck-Intitut f\"ur Kernphysik (MPIK), such a setup is now in operation at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) for a next-generation optical clock experiment using highly charged ions

Excitation of Small Quantum Systems by High-Frequency Fields

The excitation by a high frequency field of multi--level quantum systems with a slowly varying density of states is investigated. A general approach to study such systems is presented. The Floquet eigenstates are characterized on several energy scales. On a small scale, sharp universal quasi--resonances are found, whose shape is independent of the field parameters and the details of the system. On a larger scale an effective tight--binding equation is constructed for the amplitudes of these quasi--resonances. This equation is non--universal; two classes of examples are discussed in detail.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, no figure

Modeling meander morphodynamics over self-formed heterogeneous floodplains

This work addresses the signatures embedded in the planform geometry of meandering rivers consequent to the formation of floodplain heterogeneities as the river bends migrate. Two geomorphic features are specifically considered: scroll bars produced by lateral accretion of point bars at convex banks and oxbow lake fills consequent to neck cutoffs. The sedimentary architecture of these geomorphic units depends on the type and amount of sediment, and controls bank erodibility as the river impinges on them, favoring or contrasting the river migration. The geometry of numerically generated planforms obtained for different scenarios of floodplain heterogeneity is compared to that of natural meandering paths. Half meander metrics and spatial distribution of channel curvatures are used to disclose the complexity embedded in meandering geometry. Fourier Analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Singular Spectrum Analysis and Multivariate Singular Spectrum Analysis are used to emphasize the subtle but crucial differences which may emerge between apparently similar configurations. A closer similarity between observed and simulated planforms is attained when fully coupling flow and sediment dynamics (fully-coupled models) and when considering self-formed heterogeneities that are less erodible than the surrounding floodplain

Reducing multiphoton ionization in a linearly polarized microwave field by local control

We present a control procedure to reduce the stochastic ionization of hydrogen atom in a strong microwave field by adding to the original Hamiltonian a comparatively small control term which might consist of an additional set of microwave fields. This modification restores select invariant tori in the dynamics and prevents ionization. We demonstrate the procedure on the one-dimensional model of microwave ionization.Comment: 8 page

Motion-sensitive responses in visual area V4 in the absence of primary visual cortex

Neurons in cortical ventral-stream area V4 are thought to contribute to important aspects of visual processing by integrating information from primary visual cortex (V1). However, how V4 neurons respond to visual stimulation after V1 injury remains unclear: While electrophysiological investigation of V4 neurons during reversible V1 inactivation suggests that virtually all responses are eliminated (Girard et al., 1991), fMRI in humans and monkeys with permanent lesions shows reliable V1-independent activity (Baseler et al., 1999; Goebel et al., 2001; Schmid et al., 2010). To resolve this apparent discrepancy, we longitudinally assessed neuronal functions of macaque area V4 using chronically implanted electrode arrays before and after creating a permanent aspiration lesion in V1. During the month after lesioning, we observed weak yet significant spiking activity in response to stimuli presented to the lesion-affected part of the visual field. These V1-independent responses showed sensitivity for motion and likely reflect the effect of V1-bypassing geniculate input into extrastriate areas

Обеспечение точности обобщенной интервальной оценки качества изделий

Разработан метод интервальной оценки качества изделий, отличительной особенностью которого является получение весовых коэффициентов обобщенного показателя с использованием нечетких функций принадлежности гауссового типа. Их использование позволяет повысить точность и достоверность принятия решения при определении категории качества изделий различного целевого назначения в соответствии с вербально-числовой шкалой функции желательности Харрингтона.Розроблено метод інтервальної оцінки якості виробів, відмітною особливістю якого є отримання вагових коефіцієнтів узагальненого показника з використанням нечітких функцій приналежності гауссового типу. Їх використання дозволяє підвищити точність та вірогідність прийняття рішення під час визначення категорії якості виробів різного цільового призначення відповідно до вербально-числової шкали функції бажаності Харрінгтона.The method of interval estimation of the products’ quality, the distinctive feature of which is a receipt of gravimetric coefficients of the generalized index with the use of unclear membership functions of gauss type, is developed. Their usage allows to promote exactness and authenticity of decision-making at determination category of products’ quality of the different target destination in accordance with the verbally-numerical scale of desirability function of Harrington

Reply to Comment on "Criterion that Determines the Foldability of Proteins"

We point out that the correlation between folding times and $\sigma = (T_{\theta } - T_{f})/T_{\theta }$ in protein-like heteropolymer models where $T_{\theta }$ and $T_{f}$ are the collapse and folding transition temperatures was already established in 1993 before the other presumed equivalent criterion (folding times correlating with $T_{f}$ alone) was suggested. We argue that the folding times for these models show no useful correlation with the energy gap even if restricted to the ensemble of compact structures as suggested by Karplus and Shakhnovich (cond-mat/9606037).Comment: 6 pages, Latex, 2 Postscript figures. Plots explicitly showing the lack of correlation between folding time and energy gap are adde

Correlation of the Subjective Hip Value with Validated Patient-Reported Outcome Measurements for the Hip

Background: The subjective hip value (SHV) was developed as a patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) that is easily and quickly performed and interpreted. The SHV is defined as a patient's subjective hip measurement tool expressed as a percentage of an entirely normal hip joint, which would score 100%. The hypothesis is that results of the subjective hip value correlate with the results of the modified Harris hip score and the International Hip Outcome Tool in patients with hip-related diseases. Methods: 302 patients completed the modified Harris hip score (mHHS), the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHot-33) as well as the SHV. The SHV consist of only one question: "What is the overall percent value of your hip if a completely normal hip represents 100%?". The patients were divided into five different groups depending on the diagnosis. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between the different PROMs and linear regression analysis was used to calculate R2. Results: 302 complete datasets were available for evaluation. There was a high correlation between the SHV and the iHOT-33 (r = 0.847; r2 = 0.692, p < 0.001) and the mHHS (r = 0.832; r2 = 0.717, p < 0.001). The SHV showed a medium (r = 0.653) to high (r = 0.758) correlation with the mHHS and the iHOT-33 in all diagnosis groups. Conclusion: The SHV offers a useful adjunct to established hip outcome measurements, as it is easily and quickly performed and interpreted. The SHV reflects the view of the patient and is independent of the diagnosis. Further research with prospective studies is needed to test the psychometric properties of the score